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NUTRITION IN PLANTS

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NUTRITION IN PLANTS

  • In 1648 a Belgian scientist Jan Baptiste Von Helmont conducted an experiment on willow tree.
  • Von Helmont arrived at a result that-
  •  Stephen Hales described the leaves as organs of transpiration.
  • According to Priestly, if animals were making air impure, plants were making it pure.
  • Ingenhouz explained that green plants exposed to sunlight purify the air.
  • The green substance in the leaves is called chlorophyll.
  • The main nutrients needed for the plants are nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium.
  • Plants are Autotrophic organisms; they prepare their own food.
  • Plants prepare their food by photosynthesis.
  • The process in which chloroplasts present in green plants using CO, and water in presence of sunlight prepare carbohydrates is called photosynthesis.
  • Sunlight
  • CO, + H,O Chlorophyll Glucose + Oxygen
  • Cuscuta takes food from the plant on which it is climbing; it is a stem parasite.
  • Plants exchange gases through leaf pores called stomata.
  • Lenticles present in the bark of stem also exchange gases.
  • Saprophytes grow on dead decaying matter. Ex : Fungi. 
  • Leaves of some plants are specially modified to trap insects. These are called insectivorous plants.
  • These plants grow in areas deficient in nitrogen.
  • Drosera, Utricularia, Venusblytrap, Dionea are examples for insectivorous plants.
  • Algae and fungi live together in a symbiotic relationship. Ex : Lichens.
  • Preservation of plant parts like leaves, flowers or whole plant is known as Herbarium.

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